Symptoms and treatment of hemorrhage in the membranes of the eye

How does a hematoma form?

The skin on the face, especially under the eye, has a delicate texture. There are no layers of fat underneath. Because of this, any physical impact in this area can lead to injury and hematoma. Most often, a bruise occurs after a blow to the bridge of the nose and eye.

Injury to blood vessels after physical impact leads to the appearance of an eye hematoma after an impact. Treatment involves removing swelling and resolving the formation from leaked blood.

When a vessel is damaged, blood enters the outer tissue. For some time it remains in a liquid state. Then it accumulates into a lump, and a severe hematoma of the eye is formed. The bruise may disappear on its own in 7-10 days, but complications may also arise. Therefore, an eye hematoma after an impact is not so simple. Treatment should be carried out after consultation with an ophthalmologist.

Why does a black eye appear after a while after a blow?

The capillaries and blood vessels under the eye are absolutely not protected. The skin around them is thin and delicate.

During an impact, damage occurs to the blood vessels - they rupture, and then blood under pressure enters the subcutaneous tissue without compromising the integrity of the skin.

Sometimes it happens that blood gets into the eye itself. In such cases, severe redness of the sclera can be observed.

According to the mechanism of appearance, a bruise is a hematoma - the formation of a cavity in the tissues containing liquid or coagulated blood. When a powerful blow to the eye occurs, the skin around it swells, becomes slightly swollen and painful. A couple of hours after the injury, a bruise forms. Swelling appears due to an inflammatory reaction, and pain from damage to nerve endings.

Symptoms accompanying the appearance of a bruise

• The site of the impact is very painful.
• Swelling appears.
• Damaged skin is bright red.

• Sometimes the temperature rises.

If you experience the following symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor:

• Slight dizziness.
• Vomiting and nausea.
• Blurred or sharp deterioration of vision.

First aid

Regardless of whether the injury was caused by a fight or a fall, immediate measures must be taken to reduce the gradually forming hematoma. First of all, no later than 15 minutes later, you need to apply a cold compress to the affected area on the face.

You can use any product from the freezer for this. It must be pressed through the fabric to avoid frostbite on the skin. Any cold metal object applied in the first minutes of an eye hematoma after an impact will also help well in this case. Treatment should begin later, after first aid has been provided. Cold helps stop bleeding faster. And its amount gets into the tissues several times less than without assistance. Thus, the size of the hematoma is also greatly reduced.

First aid after an impact

To minimize the severity of swelling and hematoma after the incident, any cold object should be immediately applied to the site of impact. Since processing needs to be done as quickly as possible, it is not necessary to look for ice. You can apply the following to the injury site:

• frozen dumplings;
• frozen chicken or meat;
• cold bottle of water;
• metal spoon.

Under the influence of cold, the blood clotting process slows down, as a result of which it is released from damaged capillaries in smaller quantities. The swelling and hematoma will not be as pronounced. But it is worth considering that this method is only suitable for injuries that are not accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the skin.

Cooling will only help reduce symptoms if applied within 15 minutes of the injury. There is no point in applying ice after this time, since lymph and blood will already accumulate under the skin.

How to relieve swelling?

After injury, in addition to a bruise, swelling may appear at the site of the impact. Often this complication occurs with a hematoma of the eyelid. To reduce tumors, you can use recipes from traditional medicine:

• per day you need to make 3-4 lotions from grated raw potatoes. This product perfectly relieves inflammation and accelerates skin regeneration;
• apply cabbage leaves several times a day;
• make compresses from crushed plantain leaves.

These products will speed up the healing process and remove swelling in the facial area. You should not drink alcohol for several days. This may make the swelling worse.

How to remove a hematoma from the face?

To remove a hematoma from the face, as noted above, it is necessary to apply cold to it. Due to this effect, the blood vessels narrow, which reduces the amount of blood flowing into the space between the tissues and reduces the severity of bruising.

Cold exposure suppresses the work of inflammatory mediators, for this reason the sensitivity of the bruise site decreases and severe pain disappears.

Cold exposure can be done using:

• directly ice, snow;
• special cryopackages (can be purchased at a pharmacy);
• ice cubes;
• towels soaked in ice water;
• any cold product removed from the refrigerator or freezer.

Experts recommend keeping the cold on the bruise for a minimum of 20, maximum 60 minutes. This is the only way to obtain a pronounced therapeutic effect. You cannot keep it cold for more than two hours.

During the entire period of exposure to cold on the facial tissues, it is necessary to:

• monitor your own feelings;
• monitor changes in the condition of the skin;
• the area of ​​the bruise should be slightly numb and red;
• if an area of ​​the skin turns white, it means that there is a circulatory disorder at the local level due to prolonged narrowing of blood vessels.

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Cold therapy should not be used if:

• pathological problems with blood circulation;
• diabetes mellitus

Cold must be applied strictly through the fabric; with direct contact, there is a high probability of frostbite of the skin and the appearance of pigmentation after tissue necrosis.

When there are open skin lesions at the site of the injury, they need to be treated with an antiseptic. The following tools are suitable:

• brilliant green;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• furacillin;
• potassium permanganate solution (concentration 0.01%).

For the first 2 days, you should not massage bruised tissues or apply heat to them. To reduce pain, you can take analgesic drugs (Ibuprofen, Ketanov).

Medications

A bruise should be treated using drugs with different functions:

• cooling;
• resorption;
• regeneration;
• anesthesia.

Let's take a closer look at the most effective means.

Coolants

Cooling preparations include those containing menthol, analgesic substances, and various essential oils.

These tools help:

• eliminate pain;
• reduce blood flow to the site of hematoma formation;
• prevent bruising.

Effective drugs:

• Sanitas;
• Menovazin;
• Venoruton.

The use of cooling agents is possible and effective only during the first two days.

Absorbable and painkillers

Troxevasin, Febaton, Indovazin, Sinyako, Rescuer are common drugs that not only relieve pain, but also promote intensive resorption of hematomas.

In addition, similar drugs:

• prevent the formation of blood clots;
• eliminate itching;
• disinfect the surface of the skin;
• improve trophism inside tissues;
• eliminate swelling;
• relieve inflammation.

Some of the drugs have a number of contraindications, therefore, before using them, you must carefully study the instructions.

Such products should be applied in a thin layer, the skin should be pre-cleaned. The ointments are rubbed in with light massaging movements. Application must be repeated strictly in accordance with the instructions.

Features of different forms of drugs:

1. The gel does not give a greasy shine, which inevitably occurs after the ointment. The aqueous base of such drugs easily penetrates the skin.
2. The ointment is ideal for use on skin prone to dryness and crusting. It will soften the skin and help the active components penetrate to the site of action.

Next day treatment

Due to the fact that the facial tissues are located at a sufficient distance from the heart, the pressure in the vessels there is reduced. Therefore, wound healing may be slow compared to other parts of the body.

Heat can be used to speed up the process. To do this, you need to heat a bag of salt in a frying pan and apply it to the site of the hematoma several times a day. This procedure will accelerate blood circulation in the affected area and thereby have an accelerated healing effect.

It is also recommended to make compresses from strongly brewed green tea. This product perfectly relieves swelling and reduces inflammation in damaged tissues.

Folk remedies

To remove the hematoma as soon as possible, it is advisable to use topical medications - ointments, balms, creams. It is advisable to entrust the choice of medicine to a specialist (doctor or pharmacist at a pharmacy), and not to be guided by television advertising.

If any injury leads to the formation of a hematoma, you can get rid of it at home using folk remedies. On the Internet you can find many recipes that are suitable for treating bruises even in infants. So, let's look at the most effective folk remedies that help quickly treat hematomas:

• salt (used as lotions: make a soda solution by diluting soda with water in a ratio of 1:10, then moisten a small piece of tissue in it and apply it to the hematoma);
• red cabbage (a cabbage leaf is applied to the hematoma, secured on top with an adhesive plaster or bandage);
• potatoes (the tuber is peeled and grated, after which the resulting mass is placed in a piece of gauze and applied to the affected area);
• pineapple (pineapple pulp is placed on the hematoma, secured with a bandage on top);
• banana (banana peel is applied to the affected area, secured with a bandage on top).

Laundry soap is a universal remedy that is also used in the treatment of hematomas.

You can cure a bruise on the eyelid or in another area with laundry soap. In this case, they actively use an ointment prepared on its basis, and make it like this: rub the soap with a fine grater and add egg yolk to it, kneading until a homogeneous mass is obtained. To quickly get rid of a bruise, apply the product to the affected area every 30 minutes.

Folk remedies in the treatment of post-injection hematomas

If for some reason you do not have the opportunity to purchase medication at the pharmacy, treatment of bruises under the eyes can be carried out using traditional medicine recipes.

Let's talk about recipes that have proven themselves and received good reviews. Peel the potatoes and then grate them. For the remedy we need potato juice. Soak a cotton pad in it and apply it to the damaged area for half an hour. Also, as an alternative, it is recommended to apply a potato cut into two parts to the hematoma.

If several days have passed since the injury, apply contrasting lotions. To do this, alternately apply a cotton pad soaked in cold and hot water to the bruise. This will improve local blood circulation. However, this procedure cannot be done if there is swelling, or in the first days after the blow.

Red eye

If this symptom occurs after an impact, you should immediately consult an ophthalmologist. Such damage can lead to partial or complete loss of vision.

If a red eye appears after a blow, the victim must provide first aid:

• apply cold;
• apply eye drops;
• Give painkillers if there is severe discomfort.

After these steps, you need to contact an ophthalmologist. He will determine the severity of the injury through visual and hardware examination. If the internal parts are not damaged, using eye drops and rest will help relieve redness and swelling. But you may need complex treatment and even surgery.

A red eye may indicate that the victim has burst blood vessels at the site of the impact. With this outcome, the injury can be dealt with in 7-10 days on your own at home after examination by a doctor.

But such a symptom can also be observed in case of damage to the internal organs of the eye. Then serious treatment in a hospital will be required, and surgical intervention may be performed.

Eye contusion

This is the most common pathology that occurs after a blow to the eye area. Most often, this injury can be dealt with without consequences for the victim. But in 30% of cases, a person partially or completely loses vision. Therefore, such an injury must be taken seriously.

There are several types of damage:

• conjunctive - mild hemorrhage does not require special treatment. If the sclera ruptures, surgical intervention is necessary;
• cornea - severe lacrimation with pain is observed. In severe forms, cloudiness may be observed;
• iris - reduction in pupil size due to bruise. If the rupture is complete, surgery is necessary;
• lens - after healing, cataracts may develop;
• fundus - there is a hematoma of the retina or its complete detachment. Surgical intervention using a laser is required.

For such injuries, first aid is provided in the form of applying ice and instilling special drops into the eye. Then the affected area is covered with a sterile bandage, and the patient is taken to a specialized medical institution. The patient receives a special code upon admission to the hospital with an eye hematoma. ICD 10 is a classification of orbital trauma according to the international registry. With this code, the patient is observed by an ophthalmologist to avoid severe complications that lead to loss of vision.

Treatment

In the hospital, after the diagnosis, an appointment will be made depending on the severity of the injury. The victim may be shown:

• taking broad-spectrum antibiotics;
• instillation of anti-inflammatory drugs into the eye;
• compresses;
• painkillers;
• medications that dilate the pupil;
• antiseptics.

In severe cases, when the patient faces partial or complete loss of vision, surgical intervention is necessary. Modern medicine involves the use of technologies that use lasers. In this way, a very high percentage of accuracy is achieved, and the patient’s rehabilitation is several times faster than with traditional surgery.

With laser intervention, the patient can go home within a few hours after the operation and follow further doctor’s orders. The main thing is not to forget about this.

Consequences of injury

First of all, an eye hematoma after an impact causes a cosmetic defect. Treatment will speed up the fade of the blue discoloration by only a few days. Walking around with a black eye will be unpleasant for both a man and, even more so, a woman. Such trauma leads to psychological stress, even if it is not complicated.

Sometimes a slight blue discoloration remains after the injury has healed. In this case, the help of a cosmetologist is necessary. Modern methods make it possible to cope with this defect in several sessions.

If the impact damages the internal organs of the eye, the victim will face complications in the form of loss of vision. It can be partial or complete. Also, vision loss can be temporary with proper treatment.

In these cases, the patient will face long-term therapy with operations and hospitalization. The correct diagnosis and experience of ophthalmologists will determine whether the patient will receive disability or not. Doctors probably know how to remove a hematoma from the eye. They encounter similar problems quite often.

In the hospital, eye pressure is carefully monitored, and if it suddenly decreases or increases, the necessary measures will be taken. If this situation occurs at home, the patient may bleed and the consequences may be irreversible.

Possible causes of the problem

In most cases, bruises under the eyes after an impact appear within a few hours. This phenomenon is considered very common due to certain physiological characteristics of the human body. It is important to understand that its causes are different:

• being punched by another person;
• falling from your own body height;
• accidental impact on any object, etc.

How long it takes for a black eye from a blow to go away can vary from one to three weeks. This is due to a number of factors. Among them, doctors highlight the degree of vascular damage, the correctness of first aid, the use of certain medications and traditional methods of treatment, the individual characteristics of the human body and the severity of the resulting bruise.

If a black eye appears without a blow, the reasons can be very diverse. Most often they are associated with any diseases or physiological characteristics of the body. Among them, doctors identify the following possible factors:

• hemorrhagic vasculitis;
• thrombocytopathy and thrombocytopenia;
• deficiency of blood clotting factors;
• connective tissue pathology;
• purpura caused by long-term use of steroids;
• taking medications;
• lack of vitamin P;
• lack of vitamin C;
• lack of vitamin K;
• Rendu-Osler disease;
• phlebeurysm.

If a bruise under the eye appears without a blow, you should find out the reasons from a doctor at a medical facility. Otherwise, if you have an injury, you should not always visit a doctor. This is due to the fact that a specialist will be able to help in such situations with almost nothing other than prescribing the well-known treatment methods described in the article.