Eye patch (monocular)

How to do it yourself

The victim should be given a comfortable position in a lying or sitting position. The part of the body to be bandaged should be exposed and easily accessible for applying the bandage. The muscles on the bandaged surface should not be tense. The bandage should be held in the right hand, the beginning of the bandage should be in the left. Bandage should be done from left to right .
Bandaging is done by applying moves (rounds) of the bandage, with each subsequent move half covering the previous one. The bandage must be applied firmly, it should not slip off; To do this, you need to start bandaging in the direction from a narrower to a wider place. Manifestations of improper application of the bandage: paleness of the skin below the place where the bandage was applied, the appearance of cyanosis (blueness), a feeling of numbness or throbbing pain.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

It is used to protect the eye from infection and ensure its rest (immobility) in case of injury (for example, when a foreign body gets into it, etc.).

You can use any clean cloth as a bandage, after covering the eye with a sterile napkin or a piece of sterile bandage.

The second eye is covered only with a clean cloth.

Sling-shaped bandages are used to secure sterile napkins applied to wound or burn surfaces of the head.

A sling-shaped bandage is made from a wide bandage or a piece of cloth 75-80 cm long. On both sides, the strip is cut longitudinally so that its middle part, 16-20 cm long, remains intact.

After eye removal surgery, there is a four to eight week recovery period before the artificial eye is installed. In the first days after the operation, the ophthalmic surgeon applies a surgical gauze bandage over the eye, and then for a few more days a pressure bandage, which is needed for severe hematoma and swelling.

A simple patch is then placed over the eye to camouflage the affected eye. Some wear it stylishly, matching the color to their wardrobe. But still, after a few days, most people abandon the bandage in favor of sunglasses. They are more convenient and attract much less attention.

This is especially true for people who return to work, no one pays close attention to them and the day passes without questions or comments.

Like most things, choose the option that suits you best. For some it will be a pirate black headband, for others it will be James Bond sunglasses, while others are completely comfortable without a camouflage cover.

When people lose an eye, they are advised to wear glasses primarily as a safety measure for the remaining eye. They will give confidence and remove the fear of damaging the second eye after already suffering the loss of one.

Always remember that you need to keep the spectacle lens clean not only in your sighted eye, but also in the one that covers your artificial eye.

This is a case that can be said to be “out of sight, out of mind.” Since a person cannot see through the lens, they may forget to clean it

So, for example, there was a case when a sticker was stuck on a spectacle lens, but the owner of the glasses did not notice it, since the lens covered an artificial eye. At first he knew about this sticker, but then he forgot and didn’t peel it off because he couldn’t see it.

This annoying object for people encountered on this person's path was removed only two hours later.

Always make sure your glasses have both lenses.

The absence of a sunglass lens does not pose any danger to an already damaged eye, because it is its absence that the owner of broken glasses will not notice. This fact may happen unintentionally and may take some time before it is noticed. Such a story may inadvertently reveal the owner of the artificial eye, which can become an awkward moment in his communication with people.

So always make sure your glasses are in good order, have both lenses, and are both clean before you put them on your nose.

For strabismus and astigmatism, a fabric bandage is used, which is intended for reusable use. If you need to wear them with glasses, then purchase a shutter with special cutouts and thus cover the lens. If a bandage is prescribed directly to the eye, a medical bandage is used or the patient can make it himself. To do this, he will need to do the following:

1. Take sterile gauze or bandage.
2. Fold it in several layers so that nothing can be seen through it.
3. The area should be larger than the eyeball and cover it on all sides.
4. Apply to the orbital area.
5. Wrap a bandage around your head so that the bandage fits tightly and does not slip.
6. Secure the bandage so that there is no pressure.

The bandage should be applied in such a way that it does not put pressure on the patient’s diseased organ and head.

In the event of an eye injury, even at the pre-medical stage of providing care to the patient, it is necessary to protect the affected area from external irritants, prevent infection and reduce the amount of light entering the retina. Sterile gauze is best for this. If not, use clean material. Before application, you need to drip your eyes with an antibiotic solution.

To make a bandage, you need to fold the gauze into two layers, between which place a layer of cotton wool. Adjust the bandage to the orbital area and stick it with a bandage or tape it. Injury to both eyes makes it difficult to help the patient. In such cases, 2 different dressings are prepared, which are attached with a bandage. This method is used for emergency care, and the necessary examination and assistance are used in the hospital.

Most of us know what medications to take for headaches or stomach discomfort, but not everyone knows the rules for dressing wounds.

What to do in an emergency when there is no first aid kit or first aid supplies nearby? Let's talk about what an eye patch is, how it should be applied, and what is needed to carry out such manipulations.

When might you need an eye patch? As a rule, the need for its use is determined by the following medical and household factors:

• closing wounds from external influences, bacteria and other contaminants, protection from mechanical pressure;
• fixation of a sterile element or medicine applied to the wound;
• preventing bleeding;
• fixation of a stationary position of the affected area of ​​the face (ensuring a state of rest).

Before moving on to the description of the procedure itself, it would be useful to talk about the general principles of dressing. Thus, these include recommendations and rules of the following nature:

• the victim must take the most comfortable position for himself and for the person providing assistance;
• the problem area of ​​the face or body must be accessible for all necessary manipulations;
• the muscles in the affected area should be as relaxed as possible;
• the optimal bandaging method is from left to right;
• when fixing the wound, the bandage should be layered, as it were, partially covering the already applied material.

The eye patch should be applied taking into account the requirements listed above. If any actions are performed incorrectly, numbness of the skin, cyanosis and moderate pain may occur.

Option one

So, what specific manipulations will need to be performed? How to make an eye patch? First of all, you will need to find the cleanest possible tissue materials, and ideally a sterile bandage. To begin with, here is an algorithm of actions for applying medical protective equipment to one eye:

• Gather the necessary materials (tweezers, scissors, bandage or clean cloth, sterile wipe).
• Wrap the bandage twice around your head, across the back of your head and across your forehead.
• Hold the sterile material with tweezers and place it on the wound.
• Secure the element with a bandage and move it out from under the ear towards the eye.
• Make a circular winding one more time.
• Perform diagonal fixation and repeat manipulations until stable fixation is achieved.

Such an algorithm may seem quite complicated to some, but with frequent repetition and certain skill, such a procedure will take no more than 2-3 minutes. Of course, there are simpler ways, which we will talk about now.

Do-it-yourself eye patches are often done using an adhesive plaster. The main advantages of this technique are the simplicity of the actions and their efficiency. At the same time, one should remember about certain disadvantages, for example, such structures often fall off and give the patient discomfort when they are removed.

So, how can such a method be implemented? Simply select a sterile compress, apply it to the problem area and secure with a long piece of tape. One part of the adhesive element is placed on the forehead, the second on the cheek. This method can be implemented even by the victim himself.

The eye patch can also be applied using the sling principle. To do this, you need to measure the diameter of the head and select a bandage that matches the indicator, adding about 15 additional centimeters to its length.

It is necessary to make transverse cuts on both edges of the material so that the bandage is divided into approximately two equal parts, leaving the fabric in the middle intact.

It is with the help of the central part that the sterile element is fixed; the cut material is placed on the back of the head and secured there using a simple knot.

Now you know how to apply an eye patch. A photo of such a process will help to significantly simplify independent manipulations and speed up obtaining the desired result. Be healthy and don't get sick.

The frenulum bandage is used in traumatology and maxillofacial surgery for various wounds, fractures, dislocations of the lower jaw and chin. Its application requires some experience and knowledge of the basic rules for using bandages. Let's consider the algorithm for performing the bandage and the correct technique for its implementation, the criteria by which the correctness of the applied bandage is assessed.

The frenulum bandage is common in maxillofacial surgery and traumatology. The main indications for its application are:

• lower jaw injuries;
• open wounds in the lower jaw;
• dislocations;
• surgical treatment of the temporal and chin areas;
• reduction of the lower jaw;
• bleeding from the chin area when the patient is unconscious.

Binocular (both eyes) and monocular bandage: indications, technique and application algorithm

A binocular patch is indicated for patients with traumatic injuries to both eyes, as well as in cases where movement of the affected eye is undesirable.
Let's consider the technique of applying a bandage, possible errors in the actions of the nurse, as well as the features of caring for patients with visual damage. A binocular bandage is prescribed to patients with damage to the organ of vision, after surgery and penetrating eye injuries.

A binocular bandage for both eyes involves bandaging the second eye, and placing a cotton-gauze pad under it. In this case, the bandaging goes in the opposite direction - from the forehead, through the eye, under the ear and to the back of the head.

Overlay scheme

A binocular bandage is prescribed for damage to the organs of vision, various diseases of the organ, after surgical interventions, when a health worker needs to secure a dressing in the eye area.

To apply a bandage, the nurse will need:

• cotton-gauze pads for insulation;
• adhesive tape or pin;
• bandage 10-20 cm wide;
• scissors.

The binocular bandage is applied according to the following algorithm:

• 1. The nurse introduces herself to the patient, helps him take a comfortable position, and explains the essence of the upcoming procedure.
• 2. Next, the nurse should take the head of the bandage in the right hand, and its beginning in the left, and apply the bandage to the patient’s forehead.
• 3. Next, you need to make a reinforcing tour around the frontal and occipital parts from left to right. Repeat 2-3 times.
• 4. Go down from the back of the head to the neck, pass the bandage under the right ear.
• 5. A cotton-gauze pad is applied to the right eye.
• 6. Pass the bandage up through the cheek from under the ear, thus covering the right eye.
• 7. Make a strengthening tour around the head, reaching the frontal tubercles.
• SOP “Dressings in case of violation of skin integrity”, in the Nurse System, adapt the template for your medical organization and use it in your work.
• 8. Apply a cotton-gauze pad to the left eye.
• 9. Pass the bandage from top to bottom through the cheek towards the left earlobe, thus covering the left eye.
• 10. Pass the bandage under the left ear, reaching the back of the head.
• 11. Make a firming tour around the head.
• 12. Points 4, 6-7, 10-11 are repeated 1-2 times. In this case, each next turn should overlap the previous layer by 2/3, rising to the top.
• 13. The binocular headband is secured with two fixing rounds around the head.
• 14. To fix the bandage, you need to cut the ends of the bandage and tie them in a knot on the forehead.

Monocular headband

The monocular bandage is applied to a cotton-gauze pad.

• The following technique is used for application:
• securing bandage around the head along the frontal part;
• leave the end of the bandage 20-25 cm free for tying;
• the second round passes from under the ear to the affected eye;
• the next round is along the frontal area around the head and below the ear;
• then the bandage is applied to the eye;
• the last 2 rounds alternate until the cotton-gauze pad is closed.

Samples and special collections of standard operating procedures for nurses that can be downloaded.

Rules for applying bandages

• The binocular bandage is applied in compliance with the general rules for applying bandages, namely:
• In order to establish contact with the patient, the nurse must give him information about what procedure is planned to be performed, and this will also allow the specialist to control the situation.
• During the procedure, the nurse should face the patient.
• The nurse must follow the technique of applying a bandage - adjust the degree of tension of the bandage, smooth out folds, correct folds, etc.
• When choosing the size of the bandage, it is necessary to take into account the size of the wound; in order for the quality of the binocular bandage to be high, it is necessary to choose a material with a reserve.
• The nurse should take the bandage so that its free end forms a right angle when pulled.
• The first ring of the bandage must be used to secure the free end of the bandage - it should hang slightly from under the bandage. On the second ring, the end is bent and covered with the next round of bandage.

Errors

The binocular bandage should not be too tight - the bandage will cause pain to the patient by cutting into the skin and squeezing the ear.

On the contrary, a bandage that is too loose (a finger fits too freely between the bandage and the earlobe, the bandage slips) will not perform its function.

Caring for patients with eye injuries

Patients with injuries and diseases of the visual organs require increased attention and attentive care from a nurse - they often experience fainting, dizziness, vomiting and nausea.

For penetrating eye injuries, patients are referred for surgical debridement. All preparatory procedures are carried out before the operation.

The nurse not only performs all types of dressings, but also carries out other doctor’s orders, while making sure that the patient’s head movements are minimal - this will avoid complications and additional injuries.

Sanitary treatment is carried out in a lying position, the patient is taken to the operating room on a gurney. If a penetrating eye wound is being treated, it is important to ensure that the patient's head remains completely still.

doclvs.ru 05.28.19

Attention!

The information on the site does not constitute a medical diagnosis or a guide to action and
is intended for informational purposes only.
Source: https://doclvs.ru/medpop10/binok.php

Purpose and contraindications

Eye patches can be monocular, which are applied to one eye, or binocular, which cover both organs of vision. A monocular patch is used to combat strabismus in childhood. It is also indicated for:

• protection from irritating factors;
• safety of the injured organ during transportation of the victim;
• fixing medicinal lotions or compresses.

The bandage should be used as prescribed by a doctor, following all his recommendations. In some cases, it will not only not improve, but will even worsen the situation. In particular, contraindications include:

• infectious-inflammatory process in the visual organs;
• when the bandage prevents the outflow of tear fluid in ulcerative keratitis.

Be sure to discuss with your doctor how long the bandage should be used. If one patient needs a protective product for several hours a day, another needs to leave it on all night. During treatment, precautions should be taken:

• completely block the view of the affected eye to get the maximum effect from therapy;
• do not remove the bandage ahead of time;
• if the doctor advised to provide rest to the organ of vision for 2-3 hours a day, then it is better to choose a quiet pastime for wearing (drawing, reading, board games);
• if dressing is done at home, you need to do it with clean hands to avoid infection and further infection.

How to apply a bandage for a wounded right eye

Penetrating eye injuries are one of the types of injuries in which the body of the eyeball is exposed to direct contact with a foreign body, resulting in damage.

Almost every case of such injury in ophthalmology is classified as severe.

Differences between penetrating eye injuries and non-penetrating injuries

There are two types of eye injuries: non-penetrating and penetrating.

In the first case, damage occurs to the sclera or cornea, but the foreign body does not penetrate the entire thickness of these elements of the eye.

Penetrating injuries lead to penetration through several membranes of the eye, compromising their integrity.

In this case, the foreign body may remain embedded in the body of the eyeball, which requires removal of such a foreign object.

Such injuries are divided into three types:

• main penetrating eye injury (injury in which a foreign object once penetrates the wall of the eyeball);
• destruction of the eyeball without the possibility of restoring the functions of the visual organ;
• through wound (in this case there is a double perforation of each membrane of the eye).

Despite the fact that all such cases are classified as severe, in some situations the patient’s vision can be preserved almost completely, and the functions of the eye remain unimpaired.

The opposite situations also happen: even a slight injury can lead to serious consequences and complications that lead to complete loss of vision without the possibility of recovery.

Symptoms

Symptoms of penetrating wounds are obvious, and their diagnosis is not difficult.

The first group includes:

• the presence of an obvious through wound and entry hole;
• presence of a foreign body in the eye;
• prolapse of the inner membranes of the eyeball.

The second group includes:

• hypotension (decreased intraocular pressure);
• reduction or complete absence of the anterior chamber of the eye;
• change in the shape of the pupil (not observed in every case);
• deepening of the anterior chamber of the eye due to damage to the sclera;
• displacement of the iris and lens towards the back of the eye.

Despite the fact that such symptoms are generally obvious, sometimes it is difficult to establish a penetrating wound.

This happens if the object that caused the injury is small and sharp enough.

In such situations, adaptation of the wound edges and its gluing can occur, and the anterior chamber is restored in a short time.

Causes of injury

The cause of penetrating wounds is the impact of sharp, cutting or piercing objects on the body of the eyeball.

What actions are unacceptable in cases of eye injury?

In case of penetrating wounds, the victim needs qualified assistance from a specialist, but while waiting for an ambulance or on the way to the hospital, it is strictly unacceptable to carry out the following actions:

1. Use cotton wool to apply a bandage to the injured eye. Small fibers of cotton wool can get inside the wound and make the situation worse.
2. Apply pressure to the injured eye and rub it.
3. Rinse eyes (with the exception of cases when, simultaneously with a penetrating wound, there is a possibility of a chemical burn).
4. Make attempts to remove a foreign body remaining in the eye.

Emergency first aid for penetrating eye injuries

While waiting for qualified help, you can drop weak antibiotic drops into the eye and easily rinse the damaged eye with a solution of rivanol or furatsilin, but do not make rubbing movements.

Drops such as tobradex, albucid, vigamox, gentamicin or chloramphenicol are suitable as antibacterial treatment in case of emergency first aid.

But it is preferable not to disturb the damaged organ of vision, but to give an intramuscular injection of analgin or another similar remedy.

After this, a clean bandage is applied to the eye.

In the hospital, the patient undergoes an X-ray of the orbit to determine the presence of a foreign body, after which surgery is performed.

In this case, damaged tissue is excised, but the main goal is to preserve the maximum amount of viable tissue.

If foreign bodies are detected, they are removed. If these are metal bodies, a magnet is used for this. Otherwise, removal occurs using surgical instruments.

How to apply a bandage for an eye injury?

One of the actions provided for first aid is to apply a bandage to the injured eye, no matter the left or right eye, everything is done in the same way.

It must be elastic, sterile, soft and hygroscopic (absorb moisture well). The ideal option is clean gauze, although if this is not available, cotton cloth will do.

If possible, such material can be ironed on both sides with a hot iron for additional sterilization.

Fabric or gauze is folded into two layers, between which cotton wool is evenly distributed, and it is advisable to touch the materials only after treating your hands with alcohol.

Possible complications after penetrating trauma

In addition to the fact that penetrating eye injuries can completely deprive a person of vision if the damage is significant, there are other complications that can develop even with minor injuries.

In particular, if iron foreign bodies remain in the eye, the iris may over time acquire a reddish, “rusty” tint.

Typically, such manifestations are localized in the area of ​​the anterior part of the lens.

This is a clear sign of the development of toxic retinopathy, which can subsequently trigger the onset of pathological processes affecting the optic nerve. This in turn can lead to complete blindness.

If the foreign body is copper or contains impurities of such a metal, chalcosis may develop (changes in the eye tissues due to exposure to copper salts).

With this disease, yellowish-green opacities form in the lens, shaped like a sunflower flower. Another name for this disease is “copper cataract.”

Such complications can develop within a few weeks, but sometimes pathologies take years to develop after the injury.

In this video you will see the consequences of piercing the eye with a needle:

Penetrating eye injuries are serious injuries for which seeking medical attention is mandatory.

Source: https://super-parents.ru/info/kak-nakladyvaetsja-povjazka-pri-ranenii-pravogo/

Varieties

Depending on their purpose, eye patches are divided into corrective, protective, and strengthening. The first ones are worn for strabismus in children, when it is necessary to train the weak eye and give it additional stress. To do this, a healthy visual organ is closed for several hours every day. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on compliance with the regimen selected by the ophthalmologist.

Strengthening bandages are applied to hold a compress soaked in medicine on the eye. Protective devices are used after surgical interventions, as well as for various diseases of the organ of vision in order to prevent the entry of light, dust and other substances that can cause irritation. They are simple, easy to use, cover a small part of the face, and do not require significant material consumption.

How to bandage a head injury

» Bandages » Applying a headband: algorithm and rules, types of bandages

Head injuries with open wounds are considered the most dangerous: the brain is located nearby. Even in the absence of a traumatic brain injury, there is a risk of infection, so a head bandage is necessary.

Types of bandages for head trauma

There are several methods of head bandaging:

• Hippocrates cap,
• circular bandage – for injuries of the temporal, frontal and part of the occipital region,
• cruciate – for wounds of the back of the head,
• headband,
• bandage on ears and eyes.

All these bandages should be pressure-bearing, because the skin of the scalp is well supplied with blood, and any wound in this area is accompanied by quite heavy bleeding.

Purposes of using a bandage for head injury

Proper application of the headband ensures:

• Stop bleeding using pressure from a tampon and gauze bandage.
• Protection of the wound site from pathogenic microbes and the external environment (prevention of the development of secondary infection).
• Protection of the wound site from external influences - injury when cutting a haircut, putting on a hat, etc.

It is possible to attach a sterile napkin or a napkin impregnated with any medicine.

The most common and used headband is the cap. Used for all head injuries: forehead, crown and back of the head. Indications for applying this type of bandage are wounds and burns of the brain part of the skull (mainly the scalp).

Benefits of a headband

• No contraindications.
• Easy to use - you can apply the bandage even alone or with the help of a wounded person.
• Does not restrict head movement in different directions and does not interfere with wearing hats.
• Provides reliable head protection.
• Doesn't slip!
• Applies the necessary pressure on the wound to stop bleeding.

How to apply a bandage to the shoulder joint, types of shoulder bandages

A slight discomfort is that the ends of this bandage are secured under the chin, and this somewhat interferes with eating - you need to loosen them or completely untie them while eating. And the ends of the bandage are visible from under the headdress.

Rules for applying a headband

There are general rules for head bandaging that should be strictly followed.

The dressing is carried out using a sterile medical bandage of a certain width - from 10 to 14 centimeters: a bandage narrower than these parameters will cut into the soft tissue, and a wider bandage will impede movement, and the bandage itself will look sloppy.

Depending on the type of wound, you should first treat the wound with an antiseptic and apply either a sterile gauze pad or a cloth soaked in any medication on top.

The bandage should cover the entire area of ​​the wound.

The bandage should not put too much pressure on the tissue, interfere with blood circulation, lead to swelling of the surrounding tissue, or simply cause discomfort.

The procedure for applying a headband-cap

Before the procedure begins, the wounded person is seated on a chair facing the medical worker. You should not move your head while applying the bandage!

Unwind a piece of about 1 meter from the bandage and lay it across the crown of the head from ear to ear. The ends are held by the patient - these ends will then be tied under the chin. If it is impossible to do this, the health worker makes a securing coil around the head.

The end of the bandage is taken in the left hand, the bandage itself in the right, gradually unwinding it clockwise so that its edge does not exceed 15 - 20 centimeters.

The first turn is a fastening one, applied circularly and passes through the frontal and occipital tubercles.

The bandage is brought to the tie, wrapped around it in the form of a loop and led to the opposite part of the head and another tie, each time threading the bandage under the tie in the ear area and covering the previous one by exactly half the width with the next turn.

How to apply a sterile dressing

When applying a bandage, the bandage should not be torn off from the skin surface, while simultaneously straightening and tightening it.

Completely cover the scalp with a bandage and attach it to the string, tying it in a knot. And it, in turn, is tied under the chin.

The indication for applying a cruciate bandage is a wound to the back of the head and the postoperative period for injury to the cervical vertebrae.

Requirements and conditions of imposition

The required width of the bandage is 10 centimeters.

The manipulation can also be carried out in the “back” position to the health worker.

They begin to bandage from the back of the head to the forehead, making a couple of securing turns.

From the forehead and temple, the bandage is brought down to the back of the head, then to the front of the neck, then again to the back of the head, there they are placed crosswise on top of the previous turn of the bandage towards the forehead, covering it by approximately two-thirds. They wrap the forehead and again bring the bandage to the back of the head, repeating this several times.

Secure the ends of the bandage with a knot.

Applying a head bandage for an injury with eye damage

If the eyes are damaged, a circular bandage is required.

If the right eye is injured, the bandage is applied from left to right, and if the left eye is injured, vice versa.

Do a couple of reinforcing rounds. Then the bandage is applied from the site of injury towards the occipital region, then under the ear is carried out to the cheek and back to the wounded eye: thus, a circle is obtained. Then you need to make one revolution around your head. And again - to the back of the head, under the ear and to the wound site.

Repeat this several times and secure the ends of the bandage.

Source: https://medprior.ru/povjazku-golovu/

DIY vest for a pirate costume

To make a vest, use the same technology. Fold a comfortable T-shirt along the axis of symmetry to get a “pattern”.

Trace the sleeveless t-shirt - you need a folded back piece and 2 front pieces. Deepen the armholes, draw a triangular cutout on the front parts. Leave allowances and cut out the parts.

The details of the vest will need to be sewn and finished around the edges. What is the beauty of pirate clothes - there is no one to sew buttons on them. So you can easily get by with an open vest. If you are making a vest for a girl, sew decorative patches on it to make it really cute.

Simple fixation methods

Bandages can be either disposable or reusable. Disposable devices are used in cases where it is necessary to maintain sterility and cleanliness in a problem area. There are several types of their fastening:

1. Glue. After applying a gauze pad, the area around the eye is lubricated with medical glue, avoiding contact with the eyebrows. A layer of bandage is applied on top, its edges are pressed to the skin. Advantages: cost-effectiveness, minimum discomfort for the patient. Disadvantage: Requires a lot of time to apply.
2. Adhesive. The gauze pad is secured diagonally with one or two thin strips of tape on the forehead and cheek. Advantages: availability of material, ease of use. Disadvantage: it does not last long, since the adhesive plaster can come off at any time.
3. Bandage. Advantages: the bandage device is easy to remove and can be used several times. It is considered the optimal fixation option. Disadvantages: applying a bandage requires skill and compliance with several rules. The bandaging begins with a fixing round. Each turn is carried out by evenly pulling the bandage, trying to securely secure the bandage.

Reusable products are used for amblyopia and strabismus. These can be occluders with a suction cup or rubber band, made of silicone or plastic. Advantages: easy to put on, does not require time to apply. Disadvantages: if this is a pharmacy option, it is expensive, does not hold well, and often slips. AdhesiveAdhesiveBandage

Help for the victim

In case of a penetrating injury to the eye, it is necessary to drip weak antibiotic drops into the eyes and carefully rinse the affected eye with a solution of Furatsioin or Rivanol, but avoid any rubbing.

The following drops can be antibacterial agents: Vigamox, Gentamicin, Albucid or Levomycetin.

If the wound is not too large, then you can additionally drip a solution of Novocaine or Lidocaine into the eye for pain relief. Although some experts recommend not to disturb the deformed organ, but to give an intramuscular injection of analgin or another drug with a similar effect. Afterwards, clean gauze is applied to the affected eye.

Upon arrival at the clinic, the patient undergoes an X-ray of the orbit to identify a foreign body. Emergency care for a penetrating eye injury involves immediate surgery. The procedure involves excision of damaged tissue. The doctor’s main goal in this case is to preserve as much viable tissue as possible.

After identifying the location of the foreign body, it is removed. If it is a metal body, then a magnet is used to remove it. Otherwise, the operation is performed using surgical instruments.

DIY pirate hook

To make a pirate hook, use a disposable cardboard cup.

Make a hole in the bottom of a disposable cup. Make a hook from food foil and insert it into the hole made in a disposable cup. Secure with glue. Now you can start decorating the cardboard cup.

If you have used all the master classes presented in this article, then you should end up with a very bright and original homemade pirate costume. Be sure to complement the costume with weapons and makeup.

Before you pick up a needle and thread, decide on the look

How to properly apply a bandage-gauze bandage

When applying a monocular bandage-gauze bandage, it should be taken into account that the left eye is bandaged clockwise, and the right eye counterclockwise. The patient should be in a position that is comfortable for him, but so that the bandaged part is accessible from all sides. Perform the following actions:

• the beginning of the bandage strip is taken in the left hand, and the roll in the right hand;
• apply a bandage to the forehead;
• make a fixing tour around the head and back of the head;
• lower the gauze from the back of the head under the ear through the cheek up, covering the damaged area;
• make a fastening turn around the frontal zone and the back of the head;
• alternate turns on the organ of vision and around the head;
• fix the bandage on the other side of the sore eye.

To ensure that the protection lasts as long as possible, the roll of bandage is turned over after each round. At the same time, it should not tighten the head or frontal part too much. A tight bandage can cause discomfort and even headaches.

There are many types of jaw bandages, and they can be made by hand or sold ready-made

When the lower jaw is damaged, it is often necessary to make the moving parts immobile. For this, the only way out is to use bandages. The sling bandage for the jaw is easy to make and use.

Appearance of the bandage

The bandage is a product made from a strip of material; it can be used:

• sterile bandage;
• textile;
• elastic bandage.

The material is cut longitudinally at the ends of the bandage. In the central part the fabric is whole, uncut. This type of bandage allows you to secure the material without resorting to the use of adhesive tape, glue or hard fixing devices. The sling-shaped bandage is secured using the ends of the material cut into two parts.

A sling-shaped bandage is very convenient when it is necessary to apply it to protruding parts of the body:

• outer area of ​​the nose;
• chin and jaw area;
• back of the head;
• forehead area;
• eyes, while the bandage can be applied to one or both eyes;
• crown area.

A sling bandage on the lower jaw can be installed in cases of dislocation or fracture of the jaw, as well as in situations where it is necessary to fix the position of the jaw.

The fabric will be needed based on the specific location of the bandage:

1. If the bandage is intended to be placed on the chin or nose, the width of the bandage should be 6-8 cm, length – 60-70 cm.
2. For a bandage on the back of the head and forehead, the width of the fabric should be 15-25 cm, length - 1 meter.

Important: the person applying the bandage must wear sterile gloves or thoroughly clean their hands before manipulation.

Instructions for applying a sling bandage:

• the strip of fabric must be cut at both ends, approximately 20 cm of uncut material should remain in the middle, this is how a sling is made;
• the one who applies the bandage must face the patient;
• the patient should be warned that a bandage will be applied, sit straight and calm, the head should be directed straight without bending;
• Use sterile tweezers to hold the sterile bandage and place it on the open wound, if any;
• the uncut part of the sling material is placed on a napkin, the ends of the bandage are fixed on the opposite side of the head;
• The lower sling straps are fixed on the upper part of the head, the upper ones - on the lower part, closer to the cervical region.

Important: this type of bandage can be applied to the victim by anyone for a short period of time, before seeking medical help; for long-term wearing, a sling-shaped bandage must be applied by a doctor or any other physician.

The photos and videos in this article will tell you how to properly apply this type of bandage to your jaw and chin.

Bridle bandage

Another way to secure the affected area is with a jaw bandage. This bandage provides stronger fixation of the lower jaw compared to a sling bandage. This occurs by performing additional turns of the bandage around the head.

The bridle can be used for various injuries:

• facial area;
• lower jaw;
• all cranial regions.

To successfully install a frenulum bandage on the jaw you will need:

• bandage, the width of which should be from 8 to 10 cm;
• An adhesive plaster or pin is suitable for fixation;
• scissors.

The bandage is applied according to the following points:

1. The patient should sit facing the person applying the bandage. In this case, the patient must be warned that the manipulation will be performed.
2. The first circle with a bandage is made from the forehead to the back of the head.
3. Next, from the back of the head, the bandage is applied to the side of the neck. In this case, it passes from below the ear, passes along the lower part of the chin, and goes to the opposite side of the face. Further along the ascending path past the second ear.
4. The number of vertical circles is made based on the severity of the damage and the required degree of fixation of the lower jaw.
5. The circles are completed by holding the bandage from bottom to top diagonally to the back of the head. From there the fabric goes to the forehead.
6. The original figure is repeated - several circles are made from the back of the head to the forehead.
7. The bandage is fixed on the patient's forehead. This should not occur above the surface of the wound, so as not to interfere with tissue healing.

When performing bandaging using the bridle-bandage principle, more time will be used compared to a sling-type bandage.

To apply a dressing of this type, you will need a larger amount of material than to make a sling-shaped dressing. However, the price of bandages or gauze material is not high, which means that everyone can afford to buy it in reserve.

Important: any dressing can be purchased ready-made at the pharmacy.

If your jaw is damaged, you should apply a bandage before receiving medical help.

The technique of applying such bandages will be useful for any person to master, regardless of age and type of activity. A sling bandage for the jaw will help an injured person wait for medical attention.

Symptoms

Eye injuries from a penetrating wound are accompanied by the following symptoms:

• through wound on the cornea;
• prolapse of the insides of the membrane of the eye apparatus;
• leakage of intraocular fluid through injured tissue;
• damage to the lens or iris;
• foreign object inside the eyes;
• an air bubble that has penetrated the vitreous body.

Relative symptoms of penetrating injury include hypotension and transformation of the depth of the anterior chamber. Hemorrhage occurs in the eyeball, anterior chamber, hemophthalmos, retina or choroid. Ruptures of the iris, deformation of the parameters of the pupil and its shape, as well as iridodialysis and aniridia of the iris are observed. Traumatic cataracts, dislocation or partial subluxation of the lens are possible.

These and other symptoms allow you to determine the extent of eye damage and prescribe the necessary treatment.